{
  "source_note": "Public chapter metadata for the Routledge Handbook of Water Diplomacy website.",
  "book": {
    "title": "Routledge Handbook of Water Diplomacy",
    "editors": [
      "Shafiqul Islam",
      "Kevin Smith",
      "Martina Klimes",
      "Aaron Salzberg"
    ],
    "publisher": "Routledge",
    "imprint": "Routledge",
    "publisher_group": "Taylor & Francis Group",
    "publication_year": 2026,
    "isbn_hbk": "978-1-032-01389-3",
    "isbn_pbk": "978-1-032-01392-3",
    "isbn_ebk": "978-1-003-17843-9",
    "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439",
    "license": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
    "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.en",
    "open_access_support": "UNESCO Intergovernmental Hydrological Programme (IHP)",
    "chapter_doi_pattern": "10.4324/9781003178439-{n}",
    "chapter_doi_offset_note": "Routledge assigns DOIs to each section introduction (Sections II-IX), so per-chapter DOI suffixes are not a simple chapter-number offset. Public mapping: Ch 1 -> -2, Ch 54 -> -63, Epilogue -> -64, Glossary -> -65. The Foreword has no DOI under this scheme and is served as on-site HTML."
  },
  "front_matter": [
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      "kind": "foreword",
      "title": "Foreword",
      "by": [
        "Jan Eliasson"
      ],
      "page": "xviii",
      "page_url": "/foreword/",
      "page_url_note": "Routledge does not mint a per-section DOI for the Foreword; reproduced verbatim at /foreword/ under the book's CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence."
    },
    {
      "kind": "acknowledgments",
      "title": "Acknowledgments",
      "page": "xx",
      "page_url": "/acknowledgments/",
      "page_url_note": "Reproduced verbatim at /acknowledgments/ under the book's CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence."
    },
    {
      "kind": "contributors",
      "title": "List of Contributors",
      "page": "xi",
      "page_url": "/contributors/",
      "page_url_note": "Reproduced verbatim at /contributors/ (affiliations at time of press, May 2026)."
    }
  ],
  "back_matter": [
    {
      "kind": "epilogue",
      "title": "Epilogue: Navigating the Future of Water Diplomacy",
      "by": [
        "Shafiqul Islam",
        "Kevin M. Smith",
        "Martina Klimes",
        "Aaron Salzberg"
      ],
      "page": 713,
      "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-64"
    },
    {
      "kind": "glossary",
      "title": "Glossary: A Guide to Key Terms in the Handbook",
      "by": [
        "Catherine Knox",
        "Julian Tucker"
      ],
      "page": 718,
      "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-65"
    },
    {
      "kind": "index",
      "title": "Index",
      "page": 728
    }
  ],
  "parts": [
    {
      "id": "I",
      "title": "Overview",
      "start_page": 1,
      "chapters": [
        {
          "n": 1,
          "title": "Why We Need a Water Diplomacy Handbook",
          "page": 3,
          "authors": [
            "Aaron Salzberg",
            "Martina Klimes",
            "Kevin M. Smith",
            "Shafiqul Islam"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-2"
        },
        {
          "n": 2,
          "title": "Key Themes, Concepts, and Ideas of Water Diplomacy",
          "page": 8,
          "authors": [
            "Kevin M. Smith",
            "Shafiqul Islam",
            "Martina Klimes",
            "Aaron Salzberg"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-3"
        },
        {
          "n": 3,
          "title": "Navigating the Water Diplomacy Handbook",
          "page": 23,
          "authors": [
            "Shafiqul Islam",
            "Kevin M. Smith",
            "Martina Klimes",
            "Aaron Salzberg"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-4"
        },
        {
          "n": 4,
          "title": "A Living Handbook: Connecting Handbook Contents with the AquaPedia Case Study Database",
          "page": 45,
          "authors": [
            "Melissa Landman",
            "Renata Bolotova"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-5"
        }
      ]
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    {
      "id": "II",
      "title": "Water Diplomacy Themes, Concepts, and Ideas",
      "start_page": 71,
      "chapters": [
        {
          "n": 5,
          "title": "A Hydrology Primer for Diplomats",
          "page": 73,
          "authors": [
            "Scott W. Tyler",
            "Shawn J. Wheelock"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-7"
        },
        {
          "n": 6,
          "title": "Water as a Source of Conflict",
          "page": 96,
          "authors": [
            "Karen Meijer",
            "Kyungmee Kim"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-8"
        },
        {
          "n": 7,
          "title": "Water as a Source of Cooperation",
          "page": 108,
          "authors": [
            "Lynette de Silva",
            "Aaron T. Wolf"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-9"
        },
        {
          "n": 8,
          "title": "Scales of Water Diplomacy",
          "page": 116,
          "authors": [
            "Bruno Verdini"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-10"
        },
        {
          "n": 9,
          "title": "Water Diplomacy Paths: An Approach to Recognize Water Diplomacy Actions",
          "page": 123,
          "authors": [
            "Marko Keskinen",
            "Juho Haapala",
            "Anna Huovila",
            "Antti Rautavaara",
            "Suvi Sojamo"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-11"
        },
        {
          "n": 10,
          "title": "Water Diplomacy and Third-Party Engagement",
          "page": 133,
          "authors": [
            "Martina Klimes"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-12"
        },
        {
          "n": 11,
          "title": "Actors in Water Diplomacy: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly",
          "page": 150,
          "authors": [
            "Susanne Schmeier",
            "Tobias von Lossow"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-13"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "III",
      "title": "Common Water Diplomacy Challenges",
      "start_page": 163,
      "chapters": [
        {
          "n": 12,
          "title": "Mapping the Water Diplomacy Problem Space",
          "page": 165,
          "authors": [
            "Shafiqul Islam",
            "Aaron Salzberg"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-15"
        },
        {
          "n": 13,
          "title": "Managing Water Diplomacy Processes",
          "page": 179,
          "authors": [
            "Sebastian Kratzer",
            "Lina Hillert"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-16"
        },
        {
          "n": 14,
          "title": "The Role of Scientific Uncertainties in Transboundary Water Negotiations",
          "page": 192,
          "authors": [
            "Animesh K. Gain"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-17"
        },
        {
          "n": 15,
          "title": "The Role of Distrust in Transboundary Water Relations",
          "page": 202,
          "authors": [
            "Ana Elisa Cascão"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-18"
        },
        {
          "n": 16,
          "title": "Creating and Distributing Benefits in Water Diplomacy",
          "page": 215,
          "authors": [
            "Ram Aviram",
            "Clive Lipchin",
            "Adina Halevi",
            "Austin Corona"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-19"
        },
        {
          "n": 17,
          "title": "The Role of Knowledge Transmission in Water Diplomacy",
          "page": 225,
          "authors": [
            "Yumiko Yasuda"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-20"
        },
        {
          "n": 18,
          "title": "Disinformation Challenges in Water Governance and Diplomacy",
          "page": 239,
          "authors": [
            "Bhanu Neupane"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-21"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "IV",
      "title": "Tools of Water Diplomacy",
      "start_page": 251,
      "chapters": [
        {
          "n": 19,
          "title": "Building Political Will for Water Diplomacy",
          "page": 253,
          "authors": [
            "Aaron Salzberg",
            "Ram Aviram"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-23"
        },
        {
          "n": 20,
          "title": "Joint Fact-Finding to Tackle Difficult Water Challenges",
          "page": 263,
          "authors": [
            "Todd Schenk",
            "Ben Roston",
            "Kristin Rowles",
            "Megan Rippy",
            "Thomas Birkland",
            "Stanley Grant"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-24"
        },
        {
          "n": 21,
          "title": "Modeling to Support Water Management Negotiations",
          "page": 282,
          "authors": [
            "Kevin G. Wheeler"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-25"
        },
        {
          "n": 22,
          "title": "Mutual Gains Negotiation in Water Diplomacy",
          "page": 293,
          "authors": [
            "Lawrence Susskind"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-26"
        },
        {
          "n": 23,
          "title": "Water Markets: Tools for Management and Diplomacy",
          "page": 303,
          "authors": [
            "Rhett B. Larson"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-27"
        },
        {
          "n": 24,
          "title": "Game Theory: Insights for Water Diplomacy",
          "page": 311,
          "authors": [
            "Marc F. Müller",
            "Michèle C. Müller-Itten",
            "Kaveh Madani"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-28"
        },
        {
          "n": 25,
          "title": "Gender Mainstreaming and Gender Transformative Approaches: Assessing Progress and Potential in Water Diplomacy",
          "page": 322,
          "authors": [
            "Francesca Greco"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-29"
        },
        {
          "n": 26,
          "title": "The Use of Games in Water Diplomacy with Communities",
          "page": 339,
          "authors": [
            "Marco A. Janssen",
            "Raksha Balakrishna"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-30"
        },
        {
          "n": 27,
          "title": "International Law and Water Diplomacy",
          "page": 348,
          "authors": [
            "Dinara Ziganshina"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-31"
        },
        {
          "n": 28,
          "title": "Conflict Systems Analysis: Integrating Climate and Water Risks",
          "page": 358,
          "authors": [
            "Tobias Petrelius"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-32"
        },
        {
          "n": 29,
          "title": "Capacity Development for Water Diplomacy: The Experience Exchange Approach",
          "page": 367,
          "authors": [
            "Virginia Lee Tice",
            "Martina Klimes",
            "Kerry Schneider"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-33"
        },
        {
          "n": 30,
          "title": "Movement Building Transformative Water Diplomacy Approaches",
          "page": 376,
          "authors": [
            "Elizabeth A. Koch",
            "Aaron T. Wolf"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-34"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "V",
      "title": "Perspectives",
      "start_page": 387,
      "chapters": [
        {
          "n": 31,
          "title": "The UN Watercourses Convention and Its Relevance to Water Diplomacy and Negotiated Agreements",
          "page": 389,
          "authors": [
            "Alexandra Campbell-Ferrari",
            "Luke Wilson"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-36"
        },
        {
          "n": 32,
          "title": "Groundwater Diplomacy: Addressing Unseen but Essential Water Resources",
          "page": 400,
          "authors": [
            "Alice Aureli",
            "Karen G. Villholth"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-37"
        },
        {
          "n": 33,
          "title": "Organizations as Third Parties",
          "page": 416,
          "authors": [
            "Léna Salamé"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-38"
        },
        {
          "n": 34,
          "title": "The Human Right to Water and Its Relevance in Transboundary Contexts",
          "page": 424,
          "authors": [
            "Mara Tignino",
            "Tadesse Kebebew",
            "Christian Bréthaut"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-39"
        },
        {
          "n": 35,
          "title": "Regional Perspectives on Water and Diplomacy",
          "page": 439,
          "authors": [
            "Saule Ospanova",
            "Sogol Jafarzadeh"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-40"
        },
        {
          "n": 36,
          "title": "Principled, Pragmatic, and Possible: Water Diplomacy in the Great Bay Estuary",
          "page": 445,
          "authors": [
            "Kevin M. Smith",
            "Shafiqul Islam"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-41"
        },
        {
          "n": 37,
          "title": "Neither Necessary nor Sufficient: Roles and Relevance of Enabling Conditions in Resolving Complex Water Problems at Different Scales",
          "page": 468,
          "authors": [
            "Shafiqul Islam",
            "Enamul Choudhury"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-42"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "VI",
      "title": "Case Studies at the Transnational Scale",
      "start_page": 479,
      "chapters": [
        {
          "n": 38,
          "title": "Türkiye's Perspective on Water Cooperation in the Euphrates-Tigris Basin",
          "page": 481,
          "authors": [
            "Burcu Çallı",
            "Tuğba Evrim Maden"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-44"
        },
        {
          "n": 39,
          "title": "The Complexity of Transboundary Water Negotiations: A Case Study of Afghanistan and Iran",
          "page": 493,
          "authors": [
            "Mohd Faizee"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-45"
        },
        {
          "n": 40,
          "title": "The Salween River Basin: Navigating Transboundary Governance, Development Pressures, and Civil Society Engagement in China, Myanmar, and Thailand",
          "page": 508,
          "authors": [
            "Kyungmee Kim",
            "Nang Won Lee"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-46"
        },
        {
          "n": 41,
          "title": "The Jordan River Basin 70 Years After the Johnston Plan",
          "page": 522,
          "authors": [
            "Shaddad Attili"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-47"
        },
        {
          "n": 42,
          "title": "Water Diplomacy in Support of Sustainable Development: The Case of the Sava River Basin",
          "page": 541,
          "authors": [
            "Dejan Komatina"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-48"
        },
        {
          "n": 43,
          "title": "Factors That Contribute to Successful Diplomatic Outcomes: Case Study of the Colorado River Basin Cross-Boundary Institution",
          "page": 557,
          "authors": [
            "Sharon B. Megdal"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-49"
        },
        {
          "n": 44,
          "title": "Failed Attempts to Conclude Water Agreements: The Case of the Silala",
          "page": 567,
          "authors": [
            "Otto Spijkers"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-50"
        },
        {
          "n": 45,
          "title": "Safeguarding the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest: A Shared Commitment for Future India–Bangladesh Water Agreements",
          "page": 575,
          "authors": [
            "Rezaur Rahman"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-51"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "VII",
      "title": "Case Studies at the Subnational Scale",
      "start_page": 589,
      "chapters": [
        {
          "n": 46,
          "title": "Urmia Lake Restoration Process: Challenges and Applicability of Water Diplomacy Framework",
          "page": 591,
          "authors": [
            "Jalil Salimi",
            "Mahdi Zarghami"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-53"
        },
        {
          "n": 47,
          "title": "Indigenous Nations, Water, and Conflict",
          "page": 608,
          "authors": [
            "M. Alexander Pearl"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-54"
        },
        {
          "n": 48,
          "title": "Seeing Underground: Understanding Complexity in the Great Basin Groundwater Grab",
          "page": 616,
          "authors": [
            "W. Todd Jarvis"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-55"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "VIII",
      "title": "Case Studies at the Community Scale",
      "start_page": 639,
      "chapters": [
        {
          "n": 49,
          "title": "Sukhomajri Water Management as a Coupled System: Understanding of and Adapting to Evolving Changes in System Dynamics",
          "page": 641,
          "authors": [
            "Enamul Choudhury",
            "Shafiqul Islam"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-57"
        },
        {
          "n": 50,
          "title": "The Role of Heritage in Understanding Community-Scale Water Diplomacy: A Case Study of the Al-Ghab Plain in Syria",
          "page": 653,
          "authors": [
            "Eva Ziedan"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-58"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "IX",
      "title": "Reflections",
      "start_page": 673,
      "chapters": [
        {
          "n": 51,
          "title": "Ground Rules for Water Diplomacy Negotiators",
          "page": 675,
          "authors": [
            "Zodwa Dlamini"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-60"
        },
        {
          "n": 52,
          "title": "Water Diplomacy and Transboundary Watercourses: Obstacles and Related Issues in Some Middle Eastern Cases",
          "page": 683,
          "authors": [
            "Hassan Janabi"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-61"
        },
        {
          "n": 53,
          "title": "Hydrodiplomacy: The Case of Post-Independence Namibia",
          "page": 695,
          "authors": [
            "Richard Meissner",
            "Piet Heyns",
            "Jeroen Warner",
            "Jo-Ansie van Wyk"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-62"
        },
        {
          "n": 54,
          "title": "The Evolving Landscape of Diplomacy",
          "page": 705,
          "authors": [
            "Paolo Lembo",
            "Charlotta Sparre"
          ],
          "doi": "10.4324/9781003178439-63"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}